The purpose of this is to discuss Classical Ethiopic language
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(Reference : Samuel A. B. Mercer : Ethiopic Grammar)
ንሕነ ፡ = nəḥənä :: we (እኛ)
አነ ፡=ʾänä:: I (እኔ)
ውእቶን ፡ =wəʾətonə :: those(fem. accus.)
ውእተ ፡= wəʾətä:: he(accus.)
አንሰ ፡=ʾänəsä:: I
ይእተ ፡ =yəʾətä:: she (accus.)
እማንቱ ፡= ʾəmanətu:: those(fem. nomin.)
ውእቶሙ ፡= wəʾətomu:: those (masc. accus)
እሙንቱ ፡=ʾəmunətu:: they (masc. nomin)
ይእቲ ፡ = yəʾəti:: they (3rd pers. nomin. feminine)
አንተ ፡ = ʾänətä:: you (masc)
አንትሙ ፡= ʾänətəmu:: you (plural, 2nd person)
ሁ ፡ = hu:: suffix (masc. 3rd person, singular)
ሆሙ ፡ = homu:: suffix (masc. 3rd person, plural)
ክሙ ፡ = kəmu:: suffix ( masc. 2nd person, plural)
ኪያክን ፡ = kiyakənə:: suffix (female, 2nd person, plural). while ክን is a suffix. ኪያ = me, myself and ourselves.
ኪያሃ ፡ = kiyaha:: me, myself (female, 3rd person, singular)
ኪያነ ፡= kiyanä:: me, myself(1st personal, plural)
ኪያየ ፡ = kiyayä:: me, myself (1st person, singular)
ርእስ ፡= rəʾəsə:: (reflexive pronoun) head. e.g. ቀተለ ርእስ = he killed himself. ቤዘውነ ርእሱ = he himself hath saved us.
ዚአከ ፡ = ziʾäkä:: of me, myself (2nd person, masc.)
ዚአሆን ፡= ziʾähonə:: of me, myself (3rd person, feminine, plural.)
ዚአሁ ፡ = ziʾähu:: of me, myself (3rd person, masc., singular)
ዚአነ ፡ = ziʾänä:: of me, myself (1st person, plural)
ዚአየ ፡ = ziʾäyä:: of me, myself (2nd person, masc.)
ዚአክን ፡ = ziʾäkənə:: of me, myself (2nd person, female, plural.)
እንቲአሆን ፡= ʾənətiʾähonə:: of me, myself (female. 3rd person, plural).
እንቲአየ ፡ = ʾənətiʾäyä:: of me, myself (1st person, singular).
እንቲአነ ፡ = ʾənətiʾänä:: of me, myself (1st person, plural).
እንቲአሃ ፡= ʾənətiʾäha:: of me, myself (female 3rd person singular).
እንቲአኪ ፡= ʾənətiʾäki:: of me, myself (female. 2nd person singular).
አንቲአክሙ ፡ = ʾänətiʾäkəmu:: of me, myself (masc. 2nd person, plural).
እሊአየ ፡ = ʾəliʾäyä:: of me, myself (1st person, singular).
አሊአክን ፡ = ʾäliʾäkənə:: of me, myself (female, 2nd person, plural).
አሊአነ ፡ = ʾäliʾänä:: of me, myself (1st person, plural).
እሊአሁ ፡ = ʾəliʾähu:: of me, myself (3rd person, singular).
እሊአሆሙ ፡ = ʾəliʾähomu:: of me, myself (masc. 3rd person, plural).
ነፍስ ፡ = näfəsə:: blow (wind), soul, spirit, self. e.g. ነፍሱ ፡ = he himself.
ዝ ፡ = zə:: this (1st person, female, nominative accusative, singular)
ዛ ፡ = za:: this (1st person, female, accusative, singular)
እላ ፡ = ʾəla:: this (1st person, female, nominative, plural)
ዛቲ ፡ = zati:: this (2nd person, female, accusative, singular)
ዘንተ ፡ = zänətä:: this (2nd person, male, accusative, singular)
እሎንቱ ፡ = ʾəlonətu:: this (2nd person, male, accusative, plural)
እላንተ ፡ = ʾəlanətä:: this (2nd person, female, accusative, plural)
ዝኰ ፡= zəko:: that (1st person, accusative, singular)
እልኩ ፡ = ʾələku:: that (1st person, nominative, plural)
አንትኩ ፡= ʾänətəku:: that (1st person, singular, accusative) (female, male)
ዝክቱ ፡ = zəkətu:: that (2nd person, plural, nominative)
እልኵቱ ፡= ʾələkwətu that (2nd person, plural, nominative)
እልክተ ፡= ʾələkətä:: that (2nd person, plural, accusative)
ዝክተ ፡= zəkətä:: that (2nd person, singular, accusative)
እለ ፡= ʾəlä:: who?, what? (nominative. plural)
ምነ ፡= mənä:: who?, what? (female, accus. singular)
መኑ ፡= mänu:: who?, what? (male female, nomin. singular)
መኑ ፡= mänu:: who?, what? (nomin. plural)
አይ ፡ = ʾäyə:: which? (singular, nomin.), what?, what kind? what sort of ?
አያት ፡= ʾäyatə:: which? (plural, nomin.), what?, what kind? what sort of ?
ሚ ፡= mi:: what? (neuter) always joined to the next word. not often used. also used for exclamation. e.g. ሚበዙኁ = how many they are!
ስፍን ፡ = səfənə:: (as noun) size, prominence ። (as pronoun) how much, how great :: (amharic) ሰፈነ = ተቆጣጠረ (colonize, control) ፤ መስፍን (noun) :: e.g. ሰፈነበት ።
ኵል ፡= kwəllə:: entirety, totality, all, every, each. e.g. ኵልነ ሖርነ (kwəllənä ḥorənä) = ሖርነ ኵልነ (ḥorənä kwəllənä) = we all have left (went) ; ሰላም ለኵልክሙ ፤ ምስለ መንፈስከ (sälamə läkwəlləkəmu ፤ məsəlä mänəfäsəkä) ። ሰላም ለሁላችሁም ይሁን (amharic) (sälamə lähulatchumə yəhunə) ። In the spirit of God.
አሐዩ ፡= ʾäḥäyu:: one, a certain one, each one.
ካልእ ፡= kaləʾə:: other, another, anyone else, second, successor, companion, friend, neighbor
ዘከመዝ ፡= zäkämäzə:: such ; ከመዝ = kämäzə:: such, like this, thus, in this way, so ; ከማሁ = kämahu:: like him, such a thing, thus, like wise, similarly
ስብእ ፡ = səbəʾə:: mankind, persons, any one e.g. ሰብአ ሀገር = inhabitant of the city ። ሰብአ ብሔር = inhabitant of the country ። ሰብአ ዐይን = säbəʾä ʿäyənə:: watchmen, spies :: ሰብአ አፍራስ = säbəʾä ʾäfərasə:: horsemen, knights ። ተሰብአ እምኔኪ = täsäbəʾä ʾəməneki:: incarnated, became a man from you (St. Mary) ።
መጠን ፡= mäṭänə:: measure ።
ዝመጠን ፤ ዝንቱ መጠን ፡= zəmäṭänə ፤ zənətu mäṭänə:: how great, how much, so great ።
Reference: Ethiopic Grammar with Chrestomathy and Glossary
By Samuel A. B. Mercer PH.D., D.D.
INTRODUCTION TO CLASSICAL ETHIOPIC
By
Thomas 0. Lambdin
Harvard College